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1. Phương trình đã cho tương đương với: $\cos x-\sqrt3\sin x=2\cos3x$ $\Leftrightarrow \dfrac{1}{2}\cos x-\dfrac{\sqrt3}{2}\sin x=\cos3x$ $\Leftrightarrow \cos(x+\dfrac{\pi}{3})=\cos3x$ $\Leftrightarrow \left[\begin{array}{l}x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=3x+k2\pi\\x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=-3x+k2\pi\end{array}\right.,k\in\mathbb{Z}$ $\Leftrightarrow \left[\begin{array}{l}x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}-k\pi\\x=\dfrac{-\pi}{12}+k\dfrac{\pi}{2}\end{array}\right.,k\in\mathbb{Z}$
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