$1)$
các cặp chất phản ứng với nhau là :$Phenol+natri hidroxit$
$Etanol+axit axetic$
$Axit axetic+natri phenolat$
$Axit axetic+natri hidroxit$
$\Rightarrow Chon:A$
$2)$
$X\overset{-H_2O}{\rightarrow}anken\Rightarrow X:C_nH_{2n+1}OH$
$C_nH_{2n+1}OH\overset{+O_2}{\rightarrow}nCO_2+(n+1)H_2O$
$\begin{cases}n_{CO_2}=0,25 mol \\ n_{H_2O}=0,3 mol \end{cases}\Rightarrow n:(n+1)=0,25:0,3\Rightarrow n=5\Rightarrow C_5H_9OH$
$CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_2OH ; CH_3CH_2CH_2CH(OH)CH_3$
$CH_3CH_2CH(OH)CH_2CH_3 ; (CH_3)_2CHCH_2CH_2OH$
$(CH_3)_2CHCH(OH)CH_3\Rightarrow Chon:A$